Composition No. 7 ... Never miss out on the best in pop culture. Sign up now & get $15 off your purchase of $99 or more! ... Text HEYPOPCULTURE to 34192. Join ...In the world of photography and videography, one of the most effective ways to capture attention and engage viewers is by utilizing unique angles and compositions. This is where th...King Henry VII of England was a Roman Catholic, as it was the official religion of the country. He was the first king during the Tudor reign in England, and his reign lasted from 1...Το "Composition VII" είναι ένας πίνακας του Wassily Kandinsky, που δημιουργήθηκε το 1913. Ο πίνακας θεωρείται αριστούργημα της αφηρημένης τέχνης και είναι γνωστός για τη χρήση του χρώματος, της υφής και της κίνησης.In Kandinsky's Compositions, numerous motifs —either abstracted from natural objects as in the first six works, or more purely abstract as in Composition VII— ...Aug 1, 2018 · The third, which he calls “composition,” he describes as “an expression of a slowly formed inner feeling, which comes to utterance only after long maturing.”. When it comes to “Composition VII,” the phrase “long maturing” is key. When he painted “Composition VII,” Kandinsky was living in Munich. Based on the historical ... Rather, Kandinsky’s preparatory work was a kind of polyphonic process, with a simultaneous development of a number of independent lines. The concept of complex polyphony also applies to Kandinsky’s work on the plastic motifs for the Composition VII, apparent in several of his figurative works (1911-1912) that formed a kind of prelude to it.Jul 22, 2023 · Composition VII is often regarded as a ‘symphony of colors’ as the different colors, hues, and elements blend together to create a dynamic and powerful effect. Kandinsky strongly believed that his paintings conveyed his emotions and ideologies through colors and forms of abstraction. Advertisements. Compositions. Kandinsky considered compositions as main declarations of his artistic ideas. They have a number of characteristics expressing this monumentality: impressively large size, conscious planning of composition and transcendence of presentation expressed by development of an abstract image. Just as symphonies are milestones in the ... Rather, Kandinsky’s preparatory work was a kind of polyphonic process, with a simultaneous development of a number of independent lines. The concept of complex polyphony also applies to Kandinsky’s work on the plastic motifs for the Composition VII, apparent in several of his figurative works (1911-1912) that formed a kind of prelude to it.Jun 17, 2020 ... To summarize, Kandinsky's Composition VII is exceedingly more complex than what is depicted within its borders. The artist managed to convey ...Kandinsky, Composition VII Dr. Beth Harris, Dr. Juliana Kreinik, and Dr. Steven Zucker provide a description, historical perspective, and analysis of Kandinsky's Composition VII. Wassily Kandinsky, Composition VII , 1913, oil on canvas, 79 × 119 in (200.7 × 302.3 cm), (State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow).Free essays. Kandinsky Composition Vii Essay, Application Letter For The Post Of Administrative Officer, Descriptive Essay Bahamas, Research Proposal On Factors Affecting Academic Performance, Business Plan In Arabic, Help With My Social Studies Thesis Proposal, Useful Phrases Literature Review. 1647Orders prepared.About Composition VII. Kposition VIIii is a revered masterpiece of abstract art by Wassily Kandinsky and is currently located in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow. With dimensions of 200 X 300 centimeters, it stands as a testament to the modernist artist’s vision and skill. The painting, created in 1913, is commonly interpreted as a reflection ...A composite shape, also called a composite figure, is a geometric shape constructed from two or more geometric figures. Mathematical problems involving composite shapes often invol...Feb 10, 2024 · In the world of abstract art, Wassily Kandinsky is an undisputed pioneer whose works continue to captivate and challenge viewers even today. One of his most renowned paintings, Composition VIII, is a masterpiece that encompasses the artist's revolutionary ideas and profound impact on the art world. Composition VII is one of the fundamental works of the early 1910s, the pinnacle of Kandinsky's artistic achievement. It was then that the artist realized fully well it was time that he gave up copying the nature and eventually abandoned the figurative painting.The rider can be understood to symbolize energy, joy, positive action, and transformation, and Kandinsky also believed it signified the group’s spiritual quest in art. “Fragment 2 for Composition VII” is one of Kandinsky’s preparatory studies for the final painting “Composition VII,” 1913. Kandinsky, Composition VII Dr. Beth Harris, Dr. Juliana Kreinik, and Dr. Steven Zucker provide a description, historical perspective, and analysis of Kandinsky’s Composition VII. Wassily Kandinsky, Composition VII , 1913, oil on canvas, 79 × 119 in (200.7 × 302.3 cm), (State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow). Created in 1913, Kandinsky's Composition VII is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of abstract art. This work is a logical continuation of the Compositions V and VI. All three paintings are united by the theme of the Apocalypse. Such elements of the Composition VI as the Flood and the Resurrection can be traced in this work. Compositions. Kandinsky considered compositions as main declarations of his artistic ideas. They have a number of characteristics expressing this monumentality: impressively large size, conscious planning of composition and transcendence of presentation expressed by development of an abstract image. Just as symphonies are milestones in the ... Vasily Kandinsky, Small Pleasures, 1913, oil on canvas, 110.2 x 119.4 cm (Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York) At first glance, Vasily Kandinsky’s Small Pleasures appears to be an abstract painting of organic lines and blotches of bright primary and secondary colors. At the center of the composition is an inverted U surrounded by ...Slugger baseball bats have come a long way since their humble beginnings in the early days of the sport. From traditional wooden bats to modern composite materials, the evolution o...Abstract paintings by Wassily Kandinsky; Paintings by Wassily Kandinsky; Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum; Commons:Public Domain Day/2015; File:Composition-viii-1923.jpg (file redirect) File:Vassily Kandinsky, 1923 - Composition 8, huile sur toile, 140 cm x 201 cm, Musée Guggenheim, New York.jpg; Category:Composition VIII - Wassily … Created in 1913, Kandinsky's Composition VII is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of abstract art. This work is a logical continuation of the Compositions V and VI. All three paintings are united by the theme of the Apocalypse. Such elements of the Composition VI as the Flood and the Resurrection can be traced in this work. In 1922 Kandinsky was called to teach form theory and then painting at the Bauhaus in Weimar in the wall painting workshop of the famous institute founded by Walter Gropius in 1919.. DESCRIPTION OF COMPOSITION 8 BY KANDINSKY. Composition 8 by Kandinsky was painted in 1923 and reflects the teaching method of the artist, who …Kandinsky’s Composition VII is justly considered to be the apex of his artwork before the First Word War. More than 30 sketches made in watercolors and oil paints precede this painting, and they can serve as “documentary” proof of this work creation.Low-maintenance backyard living is a must if you love the outdoors. Fortunately, creating this is easy with Trex composite decking. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Videos Late...8496 views for Composition VIII, 1923. 7055 views for Composition VII, 1913. 3811 views for Circles in a Circle, 1923. 3099 views for Several Circles, 1926. ... 400 views for Improvisation 7, 1910. 391 views for Blue, 1922. 373 views for Composition V, 1911. 362 views for In Grey, 1919. 337 views for The Last Judgment, 1912.Wassily Kandinsky - Composition VII 60x90 cm oil painting · A Fine Art reproduction after the original, painted & signed by one of our artists in oil on canvas ... Kandinsky’s Composition VII is justly considered to be the apex of his artwork before the First Word War. More than 30 sketches made in watercolors and oil paints precede this painting, and they can serve as “documentary” proof of this work creation. Rather, Kandinsky’s preparatory work was a kind of polyphonic process, with a simultaneous development of a number of independent lines. The concept of complex polyphony also applies to Kandinsky’s work on the plastic motifs for the Composition VII, apparent in several of his figurative works (1911-1912) that formed a kind of prelude to it.Descripció. Composition VII és una obra de format monumental (200 × 300 cm), l'execució del qual va ser particularment llarga i complexa, fet que va ocupar Kandinski bona part de l'any 1913. En són conservades nombroses aqüarel·les, dibuixos i esbossos, així com sis estudis a l'oli de dimensions més grans. Tanmateix, segons el testimoni de la pintora …Composite wood decking is becoming increasingly popular as a material for outdoor decks. It is durable, low maintenance, and comes in a variety of colors and textures. With its ver...Composition VII. Composition VII is one of the fundamental works of the early 1910s, the pinnacle of Kandinsky's artistic achievement. It was then that the artist realized fully well it was time that he gave up copying the nature and eventually abandoned the figurative painting. He felt that abstract forms could express feelings in a way that ...Dec 30, 2019 · Composition VIII clearly indicates the influence of the Bauhaus School on Kandinsky’s artistic style. The piece combines abstract art with elements of suprematism, constructivism, and the ethos of the Bauhaus school itself. Art critics have discussed the differences between Composition VII and VIII, created almost ten years apart. Composition VII (1913) by Wassily Kandinsky; Wassily Kandinsky, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Throughout the 1910s, Kandinsky was concerned with the concept of Armageddon and salvation, and he officially related the spinning arrangement of the artwork to the concept of the cyclical cycles of …Kandinsky’s Composition VII is justly considered to be the apex of his artwork before the First Word War. More than 30 sketches made in watercolors and oil paints precede this painting, and they can serve as “documentary” proof of this work creation.There is not a chemical composition for orange juice. Orange juice is called a mixture, which is a combination of at least two different substances.Composition X. 1939. Biomorphic abstraction. Oil on canvas. 51.2 × 76.8" (130.0 × 195.0 cm) Dusseldorf. Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen. The key characteristic of this composition is obviously an immobile black ocean against the background of which colors and forms emerge in isolation. The magnificence of these colored …Composition 7. Etude is one of artworks by Wassily Kandinsky. Artwork analysis, large resolution images, user comments, interesting facts and much more.Wassily Kandinsky, a pioneer of abstract art, made an indelible mark on the world of modern painting. His masterpiece, ‘Composition VII,’ is a vivid representation of his artistic evolution and the pinnacle of his creative journey. Painted in 1913, this groundbreaking artwork stands as a testament to Kandinsky’s innovative approach to art …painting by Wassily Kandinsky (Museum: Tretyakov Gallery)Composition 8 by Kandinsky has been marked by him as one of his greatest post war achievements. Kandinsky was known to portray serious messages through shapes, elements, and structures. Suggested Read: Composition VII by Wassily Kandinsky. About Kandinsky Image Source: alamy, Creative Commons … Kandinsky’s Composition VII is justly considered to be the apex of his artwork before the First Word War. More than 30 sketches made in watercolors and oil paints precede this painting, and they can serve as “documentary” proof of this work creation. Description of the artwork «Composition VII» Created in 1913, Kandinsky's Composition VII is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of abstract art. This work is a logical …Several Circles. 1926. Geometric abstraction. Oil on canvas. 55.1 × 55.1" (140.0 × 140.0 cm) New York, The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. In the early 1920s, after Kandinsky’s return from Russia to Germany, his works got a characteristic geometricity, more space started to appear on the canvas, and the spontaneity …Media in category "Composition VII - Wassily Kandinsky" The following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. Mental Adventures.jpg 2,912 × 4,104; 4.57 MB. Vassily Kandinsky, 1913 - Composition 7.jpg 1,000 × 657; 191 KB. Wassily Kandinsky Composition VII.jpg 1,800 × 1,218; 2.61 MB.The rider can be understood to symbolize energy, joy, positive action, and transformation, and Kandinsky also believed it signified the group’s spiritual quest in art. “Fragment 2 for Composition VII” is one of Kandinsky’s preparatory studies for the final painting “Composition VII,” 1913.Composition X Artist Wassily Kandinsky Year 1939 Location Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf, Germany Dimensions 51.2 x 76.8 in 130 x 195 cm Wassily Kandinsky Famous Paintings Der Blaue Reiter, 1903 Composition IV, 1911 Composition VII, 1913 On White II, 1923 Composition VI, 1913 Composition …Learn about this artwork by Vasily Kandinsky in the Guggenheim's Collection Online.Composition VIII est un tableau réalisé par Vassily Kandinsky en 1923.Cette œuvre est conservée au musée Solomon R. Guggenheim à New York [1].Elle était considérée par l'artiste comme l'apogée de sa production d'après-guerre [2].. Réalisée lors de la période d'intense production que fut le professorat de Kandinsky au Bauhaus, la Composition …Discover our the vintage heavyweight t-shirt featuring Wassily Kandinsky's Composition VII. Made with premium 7.5 oz cotton, this unisex t-shirt is inspired ...Wassily Kandinsky · Composition VII 1913 - Oil on canvas - Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow Vassily Kandinsky - Composition 7 - 1913 - Oil on canvas - Tretyakov Gallery - MoscowVassily Kandinsky - Composition 7 - detail 1Vassily Kandinsky - Composition 7 - detail 2Vassily Kandinsky - Composition 7 - detail 3 Although the name of 'father of … Wassily Kandinsky · Composition VII 1913 - Oil on canvas - Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow Vassily Kandinsky - Composition 7 - 1913 - Oil on canvas - Tretyakov Gallery - MoscowVassily Kandinsky - Composition 7 - detail 1Vassily Kandinsky - Composition 7 - detail 2Vassily Kandinsky - Composition 7 - detail 3 Although the name of 'father of abstraction' has been assigned to several painters, from ... Free essays. Kandinsky Composition Vii Essay, Application Letter For The Post Of Administrative Officer, Descriptive Essay Bahamas, Research Proposal On Factors Affecting Academic Performance, Business Plan In Arabic, Help With My Social Studies Thesis Proposal, Useful Phrases Literature Review. 1647Orders prepared.Kandinsky did not write any such detailed commentary to his Composition VII. Yet he left substantial ‘visual’ commentary – more than thirty preliminary wor...Directed by: Meryam Joobeur. Written by: Meryam Joobeur. Produced by: Maria Gracia Turgeon, Habib Attia. Mohamed is deeply shaken when his oldest son Malik returns home after a long journey with …Although seemingly abstract, the painting is built with something akin to dissonance: each one on top of the other, creating purely independent yet interlinked ...Kandinsky did not write any such detailed commentary to his Composition VII. Yet he left substantial ‘visual’ commentary – more than thirty preliminary wor...May 7, 2018 · Composition VII is an oil on canvas painting by Wassily Kandinsky. This painting is 78.7 x 118.1”, and it was created in Moscow, Russia in 1913. It is currently held in The State Tretyakov ... Composition VII เป็นภาพวาดสีน้ำมันนามธรรมที่ดำเนินการในปี 1913 โดย Wassily Kandinsky จิตรกรชาวรัสเซียโดย กำเนิด อยู่ในคอลเล็กชันของ Tretyakov Gallery กรุง ...Learn about this artwork by Vasily Kandinsky in the Guggenheim's Collection Online.Wassily Kandinsky: “Composition VII” (1913) Wassily Kandinsky was a brilliant, well educated student of life. In 1896, at the age of 30, he was pursuing a promising career as a law and economics instructor. Fortunately for the world of art and all future artist he made a passionate and major career change at this time of his life. Learn about this artwork by Vasily Kandinsky in the Guggenheim's Collection Online. 8496 views for Composition VIII, 1923. 7055 views for Composition VII, 1913. 3811 views for Circles in a Circle, 1923. 3099 views for Several Circles, 1926. ... 400 views for Improvisation 7, 1910. 391 views for Blue, 1922. 373 views for Composition V, 1911. 362 views for In Grey, 1919. 337 views for The Last Judgment, 1912.2555 Reviews | 717 Special Thanks. You can own a museum-quality handmade art reproduction of "Composition VII" by artist Wassily Kandinsky in 1913. The oil painting will be reproduced on artist-level linen canvas by an expert painter. You can select from multiple sizing options and top quality frames. It is fully customizable.Mar 19, 2014 ... Key painting to look for: Fragment 2 for Composition VII, 1913. The neurological phenomenon Kandinsky experienced is called synesthesia (or “ ...Rather, Kandinsky’s preparatory work was a kind of polyphonic process, with a simultaneous development of a number of independent lines. The concept of complex polyphony also applies to Kandinsky’s work on the plastic motifs for the Composition VII, apparent in several of his figurative works (1911-1912) that formed a kind of prelude to it.Learn about this artwork by Vasily Kandinsky in the Guggenheim's Collection Online.Wassily Kandinsky was one of the first artists to make completely abstract paintings. His 1913 oil painting on canvas Composition VI is an example of his non-representational works. Kandinsky is another step in the progression from the previous artists Constable, Renoir and Boccioni. Constable, Renoir and Boccioni used …The audience was quite shocked by the transition from the apocalyptic emotion of “Composition VII” to the geometric rhythm of “Composition VIII”. “Compositio...Composition VII. Composition VII is one of the fundamental works of the early 1910s, the pinnacle of Kandinsky's artistic achievement. It was then that the artist realized fully well it was time that he gave up copying the nature and eventually abandoned the figurative painting. He felt that abstract forms could express feelings in a way that ...Biography. Influences and Connections. Useful Resources. Similar Art and Related Pages. "Of all the arts, abstract painting is the most difficult. It demands that you know how to draw well, that you have a heightened …Rather, Kandinsky’s preparatory work was a kind of polyphonic process, with a simultaneous development of a number of independent lines. The concept of complex polyphony also applies to Kandinsky’s work on the plastic motifs for the Composition VII, apparent in several of his figurative works (1911-1912) that formed a kind of prelude to it.Directed by: Meryam Joobeur. Written by: Meryam Joobeur. Produced by: Maria Gracia Turgeon, Habib Attia. Mohamed is deeply shaken when his oldest son Malik returns home after a long journey with a mysterious new wife. ‘Composition VIII’ was created in 1923 by Wassily Kandinsky in Abstract Art style. Find more prominent …Composition VII เป็นภาพวาดสีน้ำมันนามธรรมที่ดำเนินการในปี 1913 โดย Wassily Kandinsky จิตรกรชาวรัสเซียโดย กำเนิด อยู่ในคอลเล็กชันของ Tretyakov Gallery กรุง ...This watercolor, signed by Kandinsky and dated 1910 with the inscription "abstract watercolor" on the back, has long been considered the first abstract piece in the entire history of painting. However, today's experts believe that it actually dates from 1913 and that it was intended as a draft for an oil on canvas, Composition VII.Descripció. Composition VII és una obra de format monumental (200 × 300 cm), l'execució del qual va ser particularment llarga i complexa, fet que va ocupar Kandinski bona part de l'any 1913. En són conservades nombroses aqüarel·les, dibuixos i esbossos, així com sis estudis a l'oli de dimensions més grans. … Composition VIII, one of 10 Composition paintings created over a 30-year span from 1909 to 1939, was painted during Kandinsky’s tenure as a professor at the Bauhaus, the innovative art and design school then in Weimar, Germany. In Composition VIII, geometrical elements of varying forms and colours are scattered dynamically and interactively ... Sep 9, 2019 · Composition VII. 1913. Oil on canvas. 78.7 × 118.1" (200.0 × 300.0 cm) Moscow, The State Tretyakov Gallery. Kandinsky’s Composition VII is justly considered to be the apex of his artwork before the First Word War. More than 30 sketches made in watercolors and oil paints precede this painting, and they can serve as “documentary” proof of ... Descripció. Composition VII és una obra de format monumental (200 × 300 cm), l'execució del qual va ser particularment llarga i complexa, fet que va ocupar Kandinski bona part de l'any 1913. En són conservades nombroses aqüarel·les, dibuixos i esbossos, així com sis estudis a l'oli de dimensions més grans. …Composition VIII, 1923 by Wassily Kandinsk. Composition VIII has a long and obscure history. Kandinsky himself considered it to be the acme of his early Bauhaus period. No formal element can morphologically be related to any figurative prototype. The geometric vocabulary seems to consist of comparatively few components like circles, semicircles ...Detalhes. Título: Composition VII. Criador: Vasily Kandinsky. Data de Criação: 1913. Dimensões físicas: w302.3 x h200.7 cm. Kandinsky did not write any such detailed …Kandinsky Composition Vii Essay - 448 . Customer Reviews. ID 12011. 26 Customer reviews. Nursing Psychology Mathematics Healthcare +54. 1087 . Finished Papers. Essay (any type), Other, 6 pages by Estevan Chikelu. Kandinsky Composition Vii Essay: 63 Customer reviews. 2191 ...Composition VII เป็นภาพวาดสีน้ำมันนามธรรมที่ดำเนินการในปี 1913 โดย Wassily Kandinsky จิตรกรชาวรัสเซียโดย กำเนิด อยู่ในคอลเล็กชันของ Tretyakov Gallery กรุง ...Descripció. Composition VII és una obra de format monumental (200 × 300 cm), l'execució del qual va ser particularment llarga i complexa, fet que va ocupar Kandinski bona part de l'any 1913. En són conservades nombroses aqüarel·les, dibuixos i esbossos, així com sis estudis a l'oli de dimensions més grans. Tanmateix, segons el testimoni de la pintora …241 Kandinsky, Composition VII Dr. Beth Harris, Dr. Juliana Kreinik, and Dr. Steven Zucker provide a description, historical perspective, and analysis of Kandinsky’s Composition VII. Wassily Kandinsky, Composition VII, 1913, oil on canvas, 79 × 119 in (200.7 × 302.3 cm), (State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow).
Where earlier work was apocalyptic, Composition VIII presents repose. Composition X, painted between December 1938 and January 1939, completes the series. It reveals Kandinsky experimenting with a new vocabulary of free forms and positive-negative relationships, while returning to an earlier emotional intensity.. Mail 360
Save 50-75% and Free Shipping on Composition VII (No. 7) painting reproductions. Our reproduction of Wassily Kandinsky Composition VII (No. 7) oil painting retains all the qualities of the original. Hand-painted by our master artists.Descripció. Composition VII és una obra de format monumental (200 × 300 cm), l'execució del qual va ser particularment llarga i complexa, fet que va ocupar Kandinski bona part de l'any 1913. En són conservades nombroses aqüarel·les, dibuixos i esbossos, així com sis estudis a l'oli de dimensions més grans. Tanmateix, segons el testimoni de la pintora …Your print comes stretched over a frame with a depth of 30 mm. Media Canvas 260 gsm Delivery times We aim to deliver shop products within: UK – 3-5 working ... Rather, Kandinsky’s preparatory work was a kind of polyphonic process, with a simultaneous development of a number of independent lines. The concept of complex polyphony also applies to Kandinsky’s work on the plastic motifs for the Composition VII, apparent in several of his figurative works (1911-1912) that formed a kind of prelude to it. Rather, Kandinsky’s preparatory work was a kind of polyphonic process, with a simultaneous development of a number of independent lines. The concept of complex polyphony also applies to Kandinsky’s work on the plastic motifs for the Composition VII, apparent in several of his figurative works (1911-1912) that formed a kind of prelude to it. Composition 8 by Kandinsky has been marked by him as one of his greatest post war achievements. Kandinsky was known to portray serious messages through shapes, elements, and structures. Suggested Read: Composition VII by Wassily Kandinsky. About Kandinsky Image Source: alamy, Creative Commons …Several Circles. 1926. Geometric abstraction. Oil on canvas. 55.1 × 55.1" (140.0 × 140.0 cm) New York, The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. In the early 1920s, after Kandinsky’s return from Russia to Germany, his works got a characteristic geometricity, more space started to appear on the canvas, and the spontaneity …The watercolor study of this piece is the first extant entry in Kandinsky's parallel series of abstract "Compositions" and "Improvisations" that began to em...Complete Works. Composition VIII by Wassily Kandinsky is small oil on canvas painting dating from 1923 that is currently in the Guggenheim Museum in New York. As the name implies, it is the eighth in a series of paintings, begun in 1911, in which the artist expresses what he is trying to achieve. Kandinsky wanted to explore the medium of ...Kandinsky, himself an accomplished musician, once said Color is the keyboard, the eyes are the harmonies, ... Composition VIII 1923 (140 Kb); Oil on canvas, 140 x 201 cm (55 1/8 x 79 1/8 in); Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York Black and Violet 1923 Contrasting SoundsA composite shape, also called a composite figure, is a geometric shape constructed from two or more geometric figures. Mathematical problems involving composite shapes often invol...Gabriele Münter by Kandinsky, 1903. See also her portrait of him, 1906. This is an incomplete list of paintings by the Russian artist Wassily Kandinsky (1866–1944). During his life, Kandinsky was associated with the art movements of Der Blaue Reiter, Expressionism and Abstract painting.Kandinsky is generally credited as ….