How to solve integrals - Integration by parts is a method to find integrals of products: ∫ u ( x) v ′ ( x) d x = u ( x) v ( x) − ∫ u ′ ( x) v ( x) d x. or more compactly: ∫ u d v = u v − ∫ v d u. We can use this method, which can be considered as the "reverse product rule ," by considering one of the two factors as the derivative of another function.

 
The integration by partial fraction calculator evaluates the antiderivative's step-by-step instructions. This partial fraction calculator is easy to use. Moreover, If you're looking to solve integrals using the integration by parts method, check out our integral by parts calculator integration by parts calculator for quick and accurate results.. Reactjs tutorial

Solve integration problems involving products and powers of \(\tan x\) and \(\sec x\). Use reduction formulas to solve trigonometric integrals. In this section we look at how to integrate a variety of products of trigonometric functions. These integrals are called trigonometric integrals.Key takeaway #1: u -substitution is really all about reversing the chain rule: Key takeaway #2: u -substitution helps us take a messy expression and simplify it by making the "inner" function the variable. Problem set 1 will walk you through all the steps of finding the following integral using u -substitution.This tutorial is intended for someone who may need to quickly make a calculator to evaluate definite integrals, or perhaps needs the algorithm for use in a ...Integration can be used to find areas, volumes, central points and many useful things. It is often used to find the area underneath the graph of a function and the x-axis. The first rule to know is that integrals and derivatives are opposites! Sometimes we can work out an integral, because we know a matching derivative.How to calculate integrals for calculus. Specify upper and lower limits. Compute numeric approximations. Tutorial for Mathematica & Wolfram Language.Solve multiple integrals step-by-step. multiple-integrals-calculator. en. Related Symbolab blog posts. Advanced Math Solutions – Integral Calculator, substitution. In the previous post we covered common integrals.Sewer odor can be a persistent and unpleasant problem in homes and businesses. It not only makes the environment uncomfortable but also poses health risks. Fortunately, there are s...This calculus video tutorial provides a basic introduction into u-substitution. It explains how to integrate using u-substitution. You need to determine wh... Learn the basics of integral calculus, the process of finding the anti-derivatives of a function and its applications. Explore the fundamental theorems, types of integrals, properties, formulas and methods of integral calculus with examples and FAQs. Integrate can evaluate integrals of rational functions. It can also evaluate integrals that involve exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and inverse trigonometric functions, so long as the result comes out in terms of the same set of functions. Integrate can give results in terms of many special functions.AboutTranscript. This video shows how to find the overlapping area between two circles using definite integrals and a graphing calculator. It demonstrates entering the integral function, specifying the variable, and setting the bounds of integration. The result matches the hand-calculated answer.This calculus video tutorial provides a basic introduction into u-substitution. It explains how to integrate using u-substitution. You need to determine wh...Mathematics can often be seen as a daunting subject, full of complex formulas and equations. Many students find themselves struggling to solve math problems and feeling overwhelmed...More than just an online integral solver. Wolfram|Alpha is a great tool for calculating antiderivatives and definite integrals, double and triple integrals, and improper integrals. The …To find the integration of tan x, with respect to x, we express tan x in terms of sine and cosine so that it becomes an integrable function. As per the definition of tan x, we have tan x = sin x / cos x. ∫ tan x =∫ (sin x /cos x) .dx. This can be rewritten as ∫ 1 cosx ∫ 1 cos x. sin x. dx. Let us find the indefinite integral of tan x ...100 integrals in one take for your Calculus 1 and Calculus 2 classes. Integration techniques include u-substitution, integration by parts, trigonometric inte...In this example, we calculate the integral of x-squared which is x-cubed over 3. Note that SymPy doesn't add the constant of integration, but it is implied. SymPy also provides other common functions such as sin(x) and exp(x) that we can use. Before using them, we first need to import it from sympy: from sympy …The Gamma function also satisfies Euler's reflection formula. It is from here that we can continue the function into the entire complex plane, minus the poles ...Triple integrals are usually calculated by using cylindrical coordinates than rectangular coordinates. Some equations in rectangular coordinates along with related equations in cylindrical coordinates are listed in Table. The equations become easy as cylindrical integral calculator proceed with solving problems using triple integrals.... calculate the end result. You can evaluate this yourself by taking the definite integral from [-2, 2] of (x+2) dx and you will see that your end result ...Actually it is easier to differentiate and integrate using radians instead of degrees. The formulas for derivatives and integrals of trig functions would become more complicated if degrees instead of radians are used (example: the antiderivative of cos(x) is sin(x) + C if radians are used, but is (180/pi)sin(x) + C if degrees are used).This calculus video tutorial explains how to calculate the definite integral of function. It provides a basic introduction into the concept of integration. ...Oct 18, 2018 · Definition: Definite Integral. If f(x) is a function defined on an interval [a, b], the definite integral of f from a to b is given by. ∫b af(x)dx = lim n → ∞ n ∑ i = 1f(x ∗ i)Δx, provided the limit exists. If this limit exists, the function f(x) is said to be integrable on [a, b], or is an integrable function. Oct 18, 2018 · Definition: Definite Integral. If f(x) is a function defined on an interval [a, b], the definite integral of f from a to b is given by. ∫b af(x)dx = lim n → ∞ n ∑ i = 1f(x ∗ i)Δx, provided the limit exists. If this limit exists, the function f(x) is said to be integrable on [a, b], or is an integrable function. More than just an online integral solver. Wolfram|Alpha is a great tool for calculating antiderivatives and definite integrals, double and triple integrals, and improper integrals. The Wolfram|Alpha Integral Calculator also shows plots, alternate forms and other relevant information to enhance your mathematical intuition. Learn …Crossword puzzles have been a popular pastime for decades, and with the rise of digital platforms, solving them has become more accessible than ever. One popular option is the Boat...Mar 8, 2018 · This calculus video tutorial provides a basic introduction into the definite integral. It explains how to evaluate the definite integral of linear functions... Nov 11, 2014 · The general method used to find the steps for definite integrals is to tap into the already existing “Show steps” functionality for indefinite integration, and then to use the fundamental theorem of calculus. Now you may think it was trivial to add this functionality given that indefinite integrals already have steps, but there are many ... Quiz. ∫ 1dx. ∫ x4dx. ∫ x1dx. Learn about integrals using our free math solver with step-by-step solutions.Definite Integrals Rules; Integrals Cheat Sheet. Common Integrals \int x^{-1}dx=\ln(x) \int \frac{1}{x} dx=\ln(x) ... Study Tools AI Math Solver Popular Problems Study Guides Practice Cheat Sheets Calculators Graphing Calculator Geometry Calculator. Company About Symbolab Blog Help Contact Us. Integration by parts is a method to find integrals of products: ∫ u ( x) v ′ ( x) d x = u ( x) v ( x) − ∫ u ′ ( x) v ( x) d x. or more compactly: ∫ u d v = u v − ∫ v d u. We can use this method, which can be considered as the "reverse product rule ," by considering one of the two factors as the derivative of another function. where ‘c’ is a constant. A definite integral for the same equation must have defined limits. For example, we can integrate the above equation with limits [-2, 2] as follows: I = ∫2 −2 3x2dx = (23 + c) − (−23 + c) = 16 I = ∫ − 2 2 3 x 2 d x = ( 2 3 + c) − ( − 2 3 + c) = 16. You can use MATLAB ® and Symbolic Math Toolbox ...Do an Integral. The Wolfram Language contains a very powerful system of integration. It can do almost any integral that can be done in terms of standard mathematical functions. To compute the indefinite integral , use Integrate. The first argument is the function and the second argument is the variable: In [1]:=. Out [1]=.To find the integration of tan x, with respect to x, we express tan x in terms of sine and cosine so that it becomes an integrable function. As per the definition of tan x, we have tan x = sin x / cos x. ∫ tan x =∫ (sin x /cos x) .dx. This can be rewritten as ∫ 1 cosx ∫ 1 cos x. sin x. dx. Let us find the indefinite integral of tan x ...AboutTranscript. This video shows how to find the overlapping area between two circles using definite integrals and a graphing calculator. It demonstrates entering the integral function, specifying the variable, and setting the bounds of integration. The result matches the hand-calculated answer.Quiz. ∫ 1dx. ∫ x4dx. ∫ x1dx. Learn about integrals using our free math solver with step-by-step solutions.To calculate the integration by parts, take f as the first function and g as the second function, then this formula may be pronounced as: “The integral of the product of two functions = (first function) × (integral of the second function) – Integral of [ (differential coefficient of the first function) × (integral of the second function ...In this section we look at integrals that involve trig functions. In particular we concentrate integrating products of sines and cosines as well as products of secants and tangents. We will also briefly look at how to modify the work for products of these trig functions for some quotients of trig functions.Show Solution. Here is a summary for this final type of trig substitution. √a2+b2x2 ⇒ x = a b tanθ, −π 2 < θ < π 2 a 2 + b 2 x 2 ⇒ x = a b tan θ, − π 2 < θ < π 2. Before proceeding with some more examples let’s discuss just how we knew to use the substitutions that we did in the previous examples. Integrate can evaluate integrals of rational functions. It can also evaluate integrals that involve exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and inverse trigonometric functions, so long as the result comes out in terms of the same set of functions. Integrate can give results in terms of many special functions. Oct 16, 2023 · Show Solution. Here is a summary for this final type of trig substitution. √a2+b2x2 ⇒ x = a b tanθ, −π 2 < θ < π 2 a 2 + b 2 x 2 ⇒ x = a b tan θ, − π 2 < θ < π 2. Before proceeding with some more examples let’s discuss just how we knew to use the substitutions that we did in the previous examples. Accumulations of change introduction. Introduction to integral calculus. Definite integrals …Nov 16, 2022 · typical example here is the following integral. ∫ cosx√1 +sin2xdx ∫ cos. ⁡. x 1 + sin 2 x d x. This integral doesn’t obviously fit into any of the forms we looked at in this chapter. However, with the substitution u = sinx u = sin. ⁡. x we can reduce the integral to the form, ∫ √1 +u2du ∫ 1 + u 2 d u. Nov 16, 2022 · These methods allow us to at least get an approximate value which may be enough in a lot of cases. In this chapter we will look at several integration techniques including Integration by Parts, Integrals Involving Trig Functions, Trig Substitutions and Partial Fractions. We will also look at Improper Integrals including using the Comparison ... Find the indefinite integrals of the multivariate expression with respect to the variables x and z. Fx = int(f,x) Fx(x, z) = . x 2 2 z 2 + 1. Fz = int(f,z) Fz(x, z) = x atan ( z) If you do not specify the integration variable, then int uses the first variable returned by symvar as the integration variable. var = symvar(f,1) var = x.The general integrals solver is an online tool that is used to calculate the major concepts of integrals and integration. This calculator integral helps to calculate the area under the curve. This calculator can function with the help of some simple clicks. The integral function is very easy to use and can be easily understood.Calculus 2 6 units · 105 skills. Unit 1 Integrals review. Unit 2 Integration techniques. Unit 3 Differential equations. Unit 4 Applications of integrals. Unit 5 Parametric equations, polar coordinates, and vector-valued functions. Unit 6 Series. Course challenge. Test your knowledge of the skills in this course.The definite integral of from to , denoted , is defined to be the signed area between and the axis, from to . Both types of integrals are tied together by the fundamental theorem of calculus. This states that if is continuous on and is its continuous indefinite integral, then . This means . Sometimes an approximation to a definite …Photomath is a revolutionary mobile application that has transformed the way we approach mathematics. Whether you are a student struggling with basic arithmetic or a seasoned mathe...Integration by parts tends to be more useful when you are trying to integrate an expression whose factors are different types of functions (e.g. sin (x)*e^x or x^2*cos (x)). U-substitution is often better when you have compositions of functions (e.g. cos (x)*e^ (sin (x)) or cos (x)/ (sin (x)^2+1)). Comment.Nov 16, 2022 · In this section we look at integrals that involve trig functions. In particular we concentrate integrating products of sines and cosines as well as products of secants and tangents. We will also briefly look at how to modify the work for products of these trig functions for some quotients of trig functions. The Integral Calculator solves an indefinite integral of a function. You can also get a better visual and understanding of the function and area under the curve using our graphing tool. Integration by parts formula: ? u d v = u v-? v d u. Step 2: Click the blue arrow to submit. Choose "Evaluate the Integral" from the topic selector and …Key takeaway #1: u -substitution is really all about reversing the chain rule: Key takeaway #2: u -substitution helps us take a messy expression and simplify it by making the "inner" function the variable. Problem set 1 will walk you through all the steps of finding the following integral using u -substitution."Separation of variables" allows us to rewrite differential equations so we obtain an equality between two integrals we can evaluate. Separable equations are the class of differential equations that can be solved using this method.Crossword puzzles have been a popular pastime for decades, and with the rise of digital platforms, solving them has become more accessible than ever. One popular option is the Boat...For this next project, we are going to explore a more advanced application of integration: integral transforms. Specifically, we describe the Laplace transform and some of its properties. The Laplace transform is used in engineering and physics to simplify the computations needed to solve some problems.To find the integration of tan x, with respect to x, we express tan x in terms of sine and cosine so that it becomes an integrable function. As per the definition of tan x, we have tan x = sin x / cos x. ∫ tan x =∫ (sin x /cos x) .dx. This can be rewritten as ∫ 1 cosx ∫ 1 cos x. sin x. dx. Let us find the indefinite integral of tan x ...Definite integrals differ from indefinite integrals because of the a lower limit and b upper limits. According to the first fundamental theorem of calculus, a definite integral can be evaluated if f (x) is continuous on [ a,b] by: If this notation is confusing, you can think of it in words as: F (x) just denotes the integral of the …e dx. 4. 20. 9 x e dx. 21. 5cos x dx. 6. 22. 13 t e dt. Page 2. II. Evaluate the following definite integrals. 4. 2. 1. 1. (5. 8. 5) x x dx. 3. 2. 9. 1. 2. (. 2.JPhilip. 7 years ago. In some of the previous videos, the integral of f (x) would be F (x), where f (x) = F' (x). But in this video the integral of f (x) over a single point is 0. I know there is a difference between taking antiderivatives and taking the area under a curve, but the mathematical notation seems to be the same. Here, it really should just be viewed as a notation for antiderivative. And this notation right over here, this whole expression, is called the indefinite integral of 2x, which is another way of just saying the antiderivative of 2x. Learn for free about math, art, computer programming, economics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, finance ... Math homework can often be a challenging task, especially when faced with complex problems that seem daunting at first glance. However, with the right approach and problem-solving ...Do an Integral. The Wolfram Language contains a very powerful system of integration. It can do almost any integral that can be done in terms of standard mathematical functions. To compute the indefinite integral , use Integrate. The first argument is the function and the second argument is the variable: In [1]:=. Out [1]=.So far the answers seem to not be addressing my problem, so I would like to emphasize the issue: I can do the loop integral, but am stuck at solving the remaining integral with the Feynman parameters. I have also posted the same question at math.stackexchange but did not receive any attention so far.The definite integral properties help for finding the integral for a function multiplied by a constant, for the sum of the functions, and for even and odd functions. Let us check the below properties of definite integrals, which are helpful to solve problems of definite integrals. \(\int ^b_a f(x) dx = \int^b _a f(t).dt \)1. Where at some point in the interval from the lower bound to the upper bound of the integration limits, there is a discontinuity in the actual function you are integrating. Take the integral from -1 to 1 of (1/x^2)*dx as an example, as the function is discontinuous at x=0. or 2. One of the integration limits contains positive or …One possible approach is to break the cosine up into (eix + e − ix) / 2, and do the contour integral on each piece separately. Another approach, which saves a bit of effort, is to write I = Re ∫∞ − ∞dx eix 4x2 + 1. To do the integral, close the contour in the upper half-plane: Figure 9.4.2.typical example here is the following integral. ∫ cosx√1 +sin2xdx ∫ cos. ⁡. x 1 + sin 2 x d x. This integral doesn’t obviously fit into any of the forms we looked at in this chapter. However, with the substitution u = sinx u = sin. ⁡. x we can reduce the integral to the form, ∫ √1 +u2du ∫ 1 + u 2 d u.Jun 6, 2018 · Integrals are the third and final major topic that will be covered in this class. As with derivatives this chapter will be devoted almost exclusively to finding and computing integrals. Applications will be given in the following chapter. There are really two types of integrals that we’ll be looking at in this chapter : Indefinite Integrals ... Computing a surface integral is almost identical to computing surface area using a double integral, except that you stick a function inside the integral: ∬ T f ( v → ( t, s)) | ∂ v → ∂ t × ∂ v → ∂ s | d t d s ⏟ Tiny piece of area. Here, v → ( t, s) is a function parameterizing the surface S from the region T of the t s -plane.This calculus video tutorial provides an introduction into basic integration rules. It explains how to find the antiderivative of a constant k and how to us...Jul 10, 2018 · This calculus 1 video tutorial provides a basic introduction into integration. It explains how to find the antiderivative of many functions.Full 1 Hour 13 M... Nov 11, 2014 · The general method used to find the steps for definite integrals is to tap into the already existing “Show steps” functionality for indefinite integration, and then to use the fundamental theorem of calculus. Now you may think it was trivial to add this functionality given that indefinite integrals already have steps, but there are many ... Integrate can evaluate integrals of rational functions. It can also evaluate integrals that involve exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and inverse trigonometric functions, so long as the result comes out in terms of the same set of functions. Integrate can give results in terms of many special functions. Solving differential equations When integrating simple expressions, the constant of integration, the \(+ c\) term, may remain an unknown. The value of \(c\) can be worked out when additional ...Integrate can evaluate integrals of rational functions. It can also evaluate integrals that involve exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and inverse trigonometric functions, so long as the result comes out in terms of the same set of functions. Integrate can give results in terms of many special functions.An integral having either an infinite limit of integration or an unbounded integrand is called an improper integral. Two examples are. ∫∞ 0 dx 1 + x2 and ∫1 0dx x. The first has an infinite domain of integration and the integrand of the second tends to ∞ as x approaches the left end of the domain of integration.Solve the integral of sec(x) by using the integration technique known as substitution. The technique is derived from the chain rule used in differentiation. The problem requires a ...Now that we have sketched a polar rectangular region, let us demonstrate how to evaluate a double integral over this region by using polar coordinates. Example 15.3.1B: Evaluating a Double Integral over a Polar Rectangular Region. Evaluate the integral ∬R3xdA over the region R = {(r, θ) | 1 ≤ r ≤ 2, 0 ≤ θ ≤ π}.Are you looking for a fun and engaging way to boost your problem-solving skills? Look no further than free daily crossword puzzles. These puzzles not only provide hours of entertai...Solve integration problems involving products and powers of \(\tan x\) and \(\sec x\). Use reduction formulas to solve trigonometric integrals. In this section we look at how to integrate a variety of products of trigonometric functions. These integrals are called trigonometric integrals.Actually they are only tricky until you see how to do them, so don’t get too excited about them. The first one involves integrating a piecewise function. Example 4 Given, f (x) ={6 if x >1 3x2 if x ≤ 1 f ( x) = { …In today’s digital age, technology has become an integral part of education, even for our youngest learners. Kindergarten is a crucial time for children to develop essential skills...Math Blows math-magician Mike shows you how to solve a simple integral.By this interpretation, all of your "indefinite integrals" are actually the definite integral. ∫x 0 f(t)dt ∫ 0 x f ( t) d t. As for solving it, assume that. fn(x) = ∑k=1n+1 ankxk f n ( x) = ∑ k = 1 n + 1 a n k x k. and see what recurrence relations the formulas provide for the coefficients ank a n k. Share. In Maths, integration is a method of adding or summing up the parts to find the whole. It is a reverse process of differentiation, where we reduce the functions into parts. This method is used to find the summation under a vast scale. Calculation of small addition problems is an easy task which we can do manually or by using calculators as well. In this section we will look at integrals with infinite intervals of integration and integrals with discontinuous integrands in this section. Collectively, they are called improper integrals and as we will see they may or may not have a finite (i.e. not infinite) value. Determining if they have finite values will, in fact, be … More than just an online integral solver. Wolfram|Alpha is a great tool for calculating antiderivatives and definite integrals, double and triple integrals, and improper integrals. The Wolfram|Alpha Integral Calculator also shows plots, alternate forms and other relevant information to enhance your mathematical intuition. Learn more about:

There are quite a few different ways to solve the Gaussian integral. The "standard" way does not need to use Fubini's theorem, however there are several other ways that do. Fubini's theorem deals with when you can interchange integrals. In short, if you replace the integrand with its absolute value, and you obtain a finite value …. How much is an eye exam at costco

how to solve integrals

Dec 21, 2019 · This calculus video tutorial explains how to evaluate a definite integral. It also explains the difference between definite integrals and indefinite integra... Quiz. ∫ 1dx. ∫ x4dx. ∫ x1dx. Learn about integrals using our free math solver with step-by-step solutions.Learn for free about math, art, computer programming, economics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, finance, history, and more. Khan Academy is a nonprofit with the mission of providing a free, world-class education for anyone, anywhere.Calculus 2 6 units · 105 skills. Unit 1 Integrals review. Unit 2 Integration techniques. Unit 3 Differential equations. Unit 4 Applications of integrals. Unit 5 Parametric equations, polar coordinates, and vector-valued functions. Unit 6 Series. Course challenge. Test your knowledge of the skills in this course.Oct 16, 2023 · Show Solution. Here is a summary for this final type of trig substitution. √a2+b2x2 ⇒ x = a b tanθ, −π 2 < θ < π 2 a 2 + b 2 x 2 ⇒ x = a b tan θ, − π 2 < θ < π 2. Before proceeding with some more examples let’s discuss just how we knew to use the substitutions that we did in the previous examples. This tutorial is intended for someone who may need to quickly make a calculator to evaluate definite integrals, or perhaps needs the algorithm for use in a ...This is just a few minutes of a complete course. Get full lessons & more subjects at: http://www.MathTutorDVD.com.In this lesson, you will learn how to solve...TabletClass Math:https://tcmathacademy.com/ This video explains how to find the integral of a function. Also, the video explains the basic concept of Calculu... Integration by parts tends to be more useful when you are trying to integrate an expression whose factors are different types of functions (e.g. sin (x)*e^x or x^2*cos (x)). U-substitution is often better when you have compositions of functions (e.g. cos (x)*e^ (sin (x)) or cos (x)/ (sin (x)^2+1)). Comment. Nov 16, 2022 · These methods allow us to at least get an approximate value which may be enough in a lot of cases. In this chapter we will look at several integration techniques including Integration by Parts, Integrals Involving Trig Functions, Trig Substitutions and Partial Fractions. We will also look at Improper Integrals including using the Comparison ... With the increasing reliance on technology, our screens have become an integral part of our lives. From smartphones to tablets and laptops, we use screens for various purposes. How... The definite integral of from to , denoted , is defined to be the signed area between and the axis, from to . Both types of integrals are tied together by the fundamental theorem of calculus. This states that if is continuous on and is its continuous indefinite integral, then . This means . Sometimes an approximation to a definite integral is ... 1. Where at some point in the interval from the lower bound to the upper bound of the integration limits, there is a discontinuity in the actual function you are integrating. Take the integral from -1 to 1 of (1/x^2)*dx as an example, as the function is discontinuous at x=0. or 2. One of the integration limits contains positive or …This calculus video tutorial explains how to evaluate a definite integral. It also explains the difference between definite integrals and indefinite integra...There are two main ways DNA is used to solve crimes: the DNA gathered from a crime scene is compared to the DNA of potential suspects, or the DNA gathered from the scene is run thr...you can do that, here's a good way to think of it: y dy/dx= -x/ (e^ (x^2)) integrate both sides with respect to x : ∫ y (dy/dx) dx = ∫ -x/ (e^ (x^2)) dx. ∫ y dy = ∫ -x/ (e^ (x^2)) dx. and that's the same in the video but he multiplied both sides by dx first then put the integral sign. ( 1 vote) Flag. Show more...The integration by partial fraction calculator evaluates the antiderivative's step-by-step instructions. This partial fraction calculator is easy to use. Moreover, If you're looking to solve integrals using the integration by parts method, check out our integral by parts calculator integration by parts calculator for quick and accurate results.To find the integration of tan x, with respect to x, we express tan x in terms of sine and cosine so that it becomes an integrable function. As per the definition of tan x, we have tan x = sin x / cos x. ∫ tan x =∫ (sin x /cos x) .dx. This can be rewritten as ∫ 1 cosx ∫ 1 cos x. sin x. dx. Let us find the indefinite integral of tan x ...where ‘c’ is a constant. A definite integral for the same equation must have defined limits. For example, we can integrate the above equation with limits [-2, 2] as follows: I = ∫2 −2 3x2dx = (23 + c) − (−23 + c) = 16 I = ∫ − 2 2 3 x 2 d x = ( 2 3 + c) − ( − 2 3 + c) = 16. You can use MATLAB ® and Symbolic Math Toolbox ....

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